{"id":54,"date":"2009-02-28T11:20:03","date_gmt":"2009-02-28T09:20:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/?p=54"},"modified":"2013-12-28T14:52:57","modified_gmt":"2013-12-28T12:52:57","slug":"hdd-low-level-formatavimas-is-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/hdd-low-level-formatavimas-is-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eLow-level\u201c formatavimas i\u0161 Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Formatuodami \u201elow-level\u201c savo kiet\u0105j\u012f disk\u0105 (HDD) j\u016bs vis\u0105 informacij\u0105 perra\u0161ote nuliukais. \u0160is kietojo disko formatavimo b\u016bdas (toliau, LLF) buvo prad\u0117tas naudoti 1980&#8217;aisiais. Dauguma \u0161iuolaikini\u0173 kiet\u0173j\u0173 disk\u0173 gamyklose pirm\u0105 kart\u0105 b\u016bna suformatuojami LLF. Tada HDD da\u017eniausiai b\u016bdvo formatuojami tokiu b\u016bdu d\u0117l <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Run_Length_Limited\">RLL<\/a>\/<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Modified_Frequency_Modulation\">MFM<\/a> klaid\u0173. Dabar LLF b\u016bdu formatuojama d\u0117l \u012fvairi\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173. Anks\u010diau HDD formatavimas buvo atliekamas ne operacin\u0117je sistemoje, o i\u0161 BIOS&#8217;\u0173 (\u201eBasic Input\/Output System\u201c). I\u0161 MS-DOS tai buvo atliekama \u012f darb\u0105 pasitelkiant \u201edebug\u201c program\u0105, kuri panaudodavo BIOS&#8217;us. Ta\u010diau, jau ilgas laikas kaip tai galima atlikti i\u0161 daugelio operacini\u0173 sistem\u0173 ir nereikia joki\u0173 ypating\u0173 program\u0173 i\u0161 HDD gamintojo puslapio.<\/p>\n<p>Trumpiau kalbant, j\u016bs galite nor\u0117ti suformatuoti savo HDD LLF b\u016bdu, jeigu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>turite \u201epreformated\u201c HDD (tokie atvejai \u0161iais laikais jau beveik nepasitaiko);<\/li>\n<li>pastebite, jog j\u016bs\u0173 kietasis diskas gali b\u016bti sugadintas (tur\u0117ti blog\u0173 sektori\u0173);<\/li>\n<li>norite pilnai i\u0161trinti vis\u0105 informacij\u0105, esan\u010di\u0105 kiet\u0105jame diske.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pirm\u0173j\u0173 atvej\u0173 \u0161iais laikais beveik nepasitaiko, tod\u0117l jo neaptarin\u0117siu. Tre\u010di\u0105jam atvejui galite rasti kelet\u0105 \u017eymiai geresni\u0173 \u012franki\u0173 mat LLF b\u016bdu formatuojant informacija bus perra\u0161yta tik kart\u0105, o kai kurie \u012frankiai dar ir spec. algoritmus naudoja, jog u\u017etikrint\u0173 ma\u017eesn\u0119 tikimyb\u0119 atkurti i\u0161trintus duomenis. Lieka tik antrasis variantas.<\/p>\n<p>Viskas, ko jums reikia, tai Linux LiveCD distribucija ir programa \u201edd\u201c, kuri b\u016bna beveik visose Linux distribucijose. \u0160iuo atveju kaip Linux LiveCD distribucij\u0105 panaudokime <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ubuntu.com\/\">Ubuntu<\/a>. U\u017esikrovus sistemai pirmiausiai reikia i\u0161siai\u0161kinti kaip j\u016bs\u0173 HDD buvo atpa\u017eintas: tai \/dev\/sda, \/dev\/hda, o gal koks \/dev\/sdb? Tai lengviausia padaryti pa\u017e\u016br\u0117jus su komanda \u201els \/dev\u201c ir po to su \u201efdisk -l \/dev\/\u012frenginys\u201c patikrinus kiekvieno HDD particij\u0173 lenteles ir taip atpa\u017einus reikiam\u0105 formatuoti HDD. Tada tiesiog atsidarykite GNOME Terminal ir \u012fvykdykite toki\u0105 komand\u0105:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><code><em>dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/dev\/\u012frenginys<\/em><\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Pavyzd\u017eiui:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><code><em>dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/dev\/hda<\/em><\/code><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Toki\u0105 komand\u0105 galite taikyti ne tik kietiesiems diskams, bet ir atminties kortel\u0117m, raktam ir pan. laikmenom.<br \/>\nTiesa, komanda ir neturi rodyti progreso &#8211; komandai baigus darb\u0105 v\u0117l gausite tu\u0161\u010di\u0105 komandin\u0119 eilut\u0119.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Formatuodami \u201elow-level\u201c savo kiet\u0105j\u012f disk\u0105 (HDD) j\u016bs vis\u0105 informacij\u0105 perra\u0161ote nuliukais. \u0160is kietojo disko formatavimo b\u016bdas (toliau, LLF) buvo prad\u0117tas naudoti 1980&#8217;aisiais. Dauguma \u0161iuolaikini\u0173 kiet\u0173j\u0173 disk\u0173 gamyklose pirm\u0105 kart\u0105 b\u016bna suformatuojami LLF. Tada HDD da\u017eniausiai b\u016bdvo formatuojami tokiu b\u016bdu d\u0117l RLL\/MFM klaid\u0173. Dabar LLF b\u016bdu formatuojama d\u0117l \u012fvairi\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173. Anks\u010diau HDD formatavimas buvo atliekamas ne [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[3,47],"tags":[182,180,453,181,463],"class_list":["post-54","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","category-patarimai","tag-dd","tag-hdd","tag-linux","tag-low-level-formatavimas","tag-patarimai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1199,"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54\/revisions\/1199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/versme.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}